In 1941, a woman claimed to be Jane’s and Hickok’s daughter but was later proved to be a fraud.
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There are numerous accounts of her seen with a young girl in several small towns throughout the West in the 1880s and 1890s, but no marriage license or birth certificate exists. Around 1885, she supposedly married a man named Burke (Edward or Clinton) and gave birth to a daughter in 1887. There are numerous stories, with varying levels of credibility, that Jane was a wife and mother one time. In addition to her alleged relationship to Hickok, there were saucy tales, creatively recorded by Western dime novel authors, of wild sex, a child born, and even marriage to Hickok.
The accounts have several versions and documentation of her role in the events is suspect, but the stories are plausible because the events did occur. There are also accounts from several sources of her helping nurse patients during a smallpox epidemic in Deadwood. In her autobiography, she takes credit for rescuing a runaway stagecoach fleeing from a Cheyenne Indian war party by bravely driving the coach to Deadwood with six passengers and a wounded driver. Nearly all historians discount any intimate relationship between the two and Deadwood’s own newspaper accounts report that McCall was captured by town’s people soon after he killed Hickok. Even Jane herself, in her autobiography, spun a wild tale of capturing Jack McCall, after he murdered Wild Bill. Their alleged dalliance launched her name into the annals of Western folklore. One such story was her relationship with Western legend Hickok, whom she probably did meet in Deadwood. She is said to have had numerous affairs with some of the most notorious desperados of the time. At this point the legends surrounding her life become abundant and the facts harder to find. Army troop into the Black Hills of South Dakota and soon drifted to the lawless town of Deadwood. It was during this time that the moniker, “Calamity” was given to her A Complicated Legend Emerges It is also believed that as a teenager she occasionally engaged in prostitution, as it was more lucrative and always in demand.
Martha Jane began to find her way in a man’s world taking on men’s work and a male persona. She was surrounded by desperate people, also scrapping out a living, and not providing a nurturing environment for a young impressionable girl. Illiterate and poor, she was forced to move from one place to another, taking any work available to survive. She had grown up tall and powerfully built with many male characteristics. Jane’s father died soon after arriving in Salt Lake City, making her an orphan at twelve and the head of the family.
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